Plate XC. External Steps in Straight and “Returned” Flights

Plate XC. — No. I shows a plain flight of steps with “returned” ends. No. II is the orthodox treatment of a flight of steps between wing walls, arranged in front of a hexastyle portico. No. III is an ingenious triple flight arranged directly in front of a recessed colonnade, the object being to economise space. No. IV shows a form of triple approach in which the steps enter the ends of the portico. No. V is a more extravagant disposition of triple flights. No. VI, which is taken from the principal quadrangle of University College, London, is chiefly notable for the treatment of the walls to the steps in such a way that they serve the dual purpose of breaking the flights to economise space and at the same time become groupings subordinate to the podium. No. VII is drawn from the National Gallery, London, and follows the same principle as No. VI: both these examples show a masterly departure from precedent.