Corrections of the aforesayd text, by S. Serlie

I Haue perused Vitruuius writing néerer, and with more deliberation, where hee speaketh of the Cimatie Dorica, and the Astragalo Lesbium, in the Sima Sculptura: and I find, that Sima Sculptura is meant of flat cutting, rising very little: now, for that I haue found many such like in Antiquities, viz. where the Astragals, Leaues, and Egges, &c. haue but small or little Proiecture or rysing vp, therefore I set this for instruction of Translators, to be corrected touching Doores.

ANd for that our Author hath set this correction of the Cimatie and Astragall here, wherein, in my opinion, there consisteth no great matter, I thinke it not amisse to helpe him a little in this matter touching doores, wherein consisteth much. For where Vitruuius saith, that you must deuide the part from the Pauement to the Lacunary in 3. parts and an halfe, it must be vnderstood, aboue towards the Timpanum marked B. and then the doore would bee well, and the Corona would be like the Plinthus of the Capitall. Now, for that the text is so different in other places, as in the middle of the Models, whereof Caesarianus sayth, that he hath found 3. or 4. sorts; so it is to bee feared, that this also is not well vnderstood. Thus much I haue (with your licence) thought good to set downe here, that the building should not be left vnperfect, as our Athor doeth. For although he sets downe the Figures of more doores, yet hee sheweth not how they shall stand in the Building aforesayd.

A. Antipagment or Pilaster.

B. Supercilie.

C. Hiperthire.

D. Corona.

FOr that men in our time doe not vse Doores lessened aboue, as they did in ancient time; which I, for some reason, doe not discommend, yet some skilfull workeman haue many, which most part of common workemen like not. If then the workeman will make a Thiromatum or Doore simply, with little beautifying, after the Dorica order, then he may obserue this order and measure hereafter following, whereof the light or that which is open, shall be twice as high as broad. The Antipagmentum or Pilaster shall be the sixt part of the bredth of the light: without the Antipagmentum you must make an Echine with two Lists, which shall be the fift part of the Pilasters or Antipagmentum, although in the Gate, spoken of before, it is the sixt part: neuerthelesse, for that I haue séeue in Antiquities, in a meane Gate of 12. parts, I haue done it here also, as I promised: you must not make the Echim•s of the 4. part of the Circle, but it must be flatter and lower, which Vitruuius calleth, Cimatium Lesbium. The rest of the Pilaster shall be deuided into 9. parts, whereof 5. shall be for the greatest Facie, and 4. for the lesser Facie. Aboue the Antipagmentum, that is, the Supercilium, the Cornice shall be set of the same height that the Supercilium is, and shall bee deuided in 3. euen parts: the first, for the Cimatie with the Astragall: the second, for the Corona, with her Cimatie: and the third, for the Scima: But there is also the eyght part added thereunto, and the Proiecture bearing out or shooting ouer, shall be according to the rule aforesayd, set downe in the beginning of this Booke.

A. Great Fascie.

B. Lesser Fascie.

C. Astragall.

ALthough that in the Order of Dorica Vitruuius maketh mention of one Doore or Gate onely, and darkly inough (in my opinion) as I shewed before, I thinke it requisite, that men shall not onely vse one sort of Doores or Gates, but also of diuers sorts and fashions, to beautifie a piece of worke, and to please diuers minds: Therefore, when a man will make a handsome Gate, he may follow this Figure: that is, to set the bredth of the Doore twice in the height: and the Pilaster must bee made of an eyght part of the light, and the Columnes of the third part of the bredth; which shalbe set 9. times in the height: and although it be more then the measure set down, yet it is not false, because same part is made vp in the wall: also some Antiquities vse it, which in such cases are not one reurious. Vpon the Columnes you must set the Architraue as high as the Pilasters or Supercilie. The Fréese shalbe 3. parts of the thicknesse of the Columnes, vpon euery Columne there shalbe Trigliphes set, and from the one Trigliph to the other, there shall be thrée Trigliphes and fiue spaces deuided. The other particular members, as Base, Capitall, Fréese, Trigliph and Cornice, follow the rule aforesayd. Now, for that some Fastigies, Frontispicies, Couerings and Geuels, are higher then Vitruuius sets them downe, their common rule shalbe, that you deuide the Cornice from one corner to the other, as from A. to B. in 2. parts, and the halfe shall hang downewards, strayght by the Lead to C. and then the one foot of the Compasse set vpon the C. and the other foot of the Compasse on the corner A. drawing it about to the corner of the Cornice B. that vpper part of the Circular line, shall be the due height of the Fastigium or Geuell.

A. Supercilie.

B. Epistilie or Architraue.

C. Zophorus or Fréese.

ALteration oftentimes is better and more estéemed, then perfect simple forme in her owne nature: therefore it is the more pleasing, when a piece of worke is made of diuers members and parts, although of like nature, as you may perceyue in the Figure following, wherein there are Trigliphs and Mutiles, all in one order: which, in effect, I neuer saw in any Antiquities or writings. But Balthazar of Sienne, one that read and sought out all Antiquities, may, peraduenture, haue séene some, or at least himselfe was the Inuentor thereof, placing Trigliphes aboue the Doore, where they beare least stresse, and the Mutiles aboue the firme part of the Pilasters, which beare all the wayght of the Fastigium, and in my conceyt, séemely, and was much commended by Clement the seuenth, who, assuredly, was a man excellently séene in all Artes. This part shall haue the light double proportioned; but the Pilaster shall be the 7. part of the height, and the Supercilies the halfe thereof. The bredth of the Trigliphes and Mutiles, is the halfe of the Supercilies, and the height a double bredth, making 2. Mutiles ouer one Pilaster, and 4. Trigliphs ouer the Doore: the spaces shall be all 4. square. Aboue the Mutiles and Trigliphes, you must set the Capitall or Abacus: the height or thicknesse whereof, shalbe a 4. part lesse then the bredth of the Trigliph, and the Cimatie the 3. part of the Abacus: The height of the Corona with her Cimatie, shalbe as broad as the Trigliph is, and the Scima also as much: the bearing of the Corona before, shall bee as much as the space from one Abacus to another, that in the ground there may be perfect foure squares: But the Proiecture or ouer-bearing both on the right hand and on the left, shalbe halfe so great as before. The Proiecture of the Scima and the Cimatie, shall be each according to their height. That Fastigium in the highest part, shall be a fift part of the widenesse, from the one corner of the Scima in the right line, to the other.

ALthough a man may make diuers kinds of Gates in Dorica worke, yet for that at this day men couet after nouelties, especially, when they are made by rule and reason, although the Columne, Fréese and other members are mixed with rusticall Building, yet héerein you may sée forme and fashion: and whereas I haue sayd, that a man should vse rustical and boorish works in Forts and Fortresses; now this may serue for a change, but not without, for receiuing of shot in them, &c. The light thereof is also double in height: the Columnes two times so broad as the Pilasters, being 14. Models high, with Capitals, Trigliphes, Fastigium, &c. Let the Reader doe his pleasure further herein, for me thinkes there consisteth little herein, and there is inough sayd as before.

MY meaning was, in the beginning of this Booke, to speake onely of the ornaments of the fiue Orders of Buildings, as of Columnes, Pedestals, Epistiliums, Zophorus, Cornices, Gates, Windowes, Niches, & such like things. But, after that I determined to augment and enrich this Volumne, in shewing diuers Facies or foreparts of Edificies, Temples, Palaces and Houses, &c. And for that, when as the Columne standeth vpon the ground, they are commendable; yet oftentimes it falleth out, that men haue not their Columnes thicke inough, nor long inough, as they desire, so that it is necessary to place Pedestals vnder them: therefore I haue made this order following, the proportion whereof shall be as followeth: that the widenesse shall be double in the height: the Pilaster with the Arch, shalbe a 12. part of the widenesse: the Columne as thicke againe: the inter-Columne halfe the widenesse of the light or Doore: the widenesse of the Niches, 2. Columnes thicke, and 4. in height: the Pedestals, 4. Columnes thicke in height: his bredth, and the rest, as is before sayd. The Columne, with the Base and Capitall, shalbe 9. parts high: the Epistilium is halfe a Columne thicke: the Trigliph of the same bredth, and twice so high with the Capitall. The Trigliphes placed as you sée them, the Corona and the rest of the members shalbe made as is before shewne. The height of these Geuels somewhat excéed Vitruuius writings: but I haue séen such an other, somewhat higher, in Antiquities, being made of the sixt part of the Corona in length. The Acroteria shalbe of height and bredth like the Columne aboue, without Cornice: and the middlemost a sixt part higher, as also the Columne a 9. part, being made fast in the wall.

THis Figure following, may be vsed by the learned workeman for diuers things, and may bee altered according to the accidents that shall happen: it will also serue for a Painter to beautify an Pillar withall as men at this day doe in Italy: it may also s•rue for an Arch tryumphant, if you take away the Basement in the middle. Likewise, you may beautifie a Gate withal, leauing out the wings on the sides: sometimes, for setting foorth a Window, a Niche, a Tabernacle, or such like things: which proportion shall be made thus, The opennesse or widenesse shall bee deuided in 5. parts, and one of them shall be the thickenesse of the Columnes: the Facies or List round about shall bee halfe a Columne thicke. The height of the light shall be the thicknesse of 7. Columnes and the Base and Capitall together of the thickenesse of a Columne, and in all, shall be eyght parts high. That Pedestall shalbe 3. Columnes thicke in height, the bredth or forepart like the Plinthus vnder the Columne. The inter-Columnes on the sides shall be one Columne thicke, and in the Corners shall stand the fourth part of a Columne: the wings on the sides, wherein the Niches are, shall be of the thicknesse of a Columne and a halfe, but the Niches a Columne broad, and 3. in height. The Architraue shall haue the halfe thicknesse, and the Trigliph also as broad, but the height without the Capitall shall bee a 4. square, and two 3. parts; whereby, placing the Trigliphes on the right side, and on the left, right aboue the Columnes, and betwéene both 3. Trigliphes, and 5. Methophes more: the diuisions shall rightly come to be 4. square in the spaces. The Corona and the Frontispicie, and all the other parts, as well below as aboue, shall be made as is taught in the beginning. And for that the Trigliphes on the sides differ from Vitruuius doctrine; yet, notwithstanding, I haue seene them in Antiquities stand vpon the corners, the workemen may, at their good pleasures, make them in worke, or beare them out, as occasion shall serue. Further, I had no meaning to set any grounds or platformes in this fourth Booke, for that it is intended to be intreated of elsewhere; yet such forefronts as are hard to be vnderstood, I wil set the Ichnographie or ground, for more light to the Reader.

ALthough in Antiquities, as farre as is found, when workemen had placed the Epistilia vpon the round Columne, they set nothing else but the Fastigium vpon that, vsing the some order in Churches and Temples, and not in any other buildings: Neuerthelesse, I will not omit to set downe some maner of Houses without Arches: for if you will make Arches with their fouresquare Pillars and round Columnes before them for beautifying of the worke, séeking to make much light in your Callerie, the Pillars with the Arches will hinder a great deale of light: Then if you will set the Arches onely vpon the round Columnes, that were altogether false, for that the foure corners of the Arch would surpasse the roundnesse or body of the Columnes: therefore I intend, to make some Houses and other Buildings without Arches, both of this order, and also of the other. This shall therefore be made in this maner, that the greatest inter Columne shall be the thicknesse of foure Columnes, and the smallest of one and an halfe. The height of the Columnes shall be of nine parts, with Bases and Capitals: the Architraue, Fréese, and Cornice, &c. shall bee made according to the former rule: the widenesse of the windowes are of two Columnes thicknes: the height a fouresquare and two third parts: and their Pilasters one sixt part of the light, hauing the Cornice aboue, like the Capitall. The doore shall be of the bredth of thrée Columnes, and seuen in height: and so shall the lights of the windowes, and of the doores, bee all one height. The Trigliphes and Methophes shall bee deuided, as you may perceiue. The second story shall bee lesse or shorter by a fourth part, according as Vitruuius giueth counsell: so also, shall the Architraue, Fréese, and Cornice bee a fourth part lessened: the windowes thereof, with the Pilasters, should bee as broad as the lowest. The ornaments in the Niches shall stand in Perpendicular, with the Columnes: and the hollowings of the Niches, shall be as broad as the inter-Columnes: their heights shalbe of two foure squares and an halfe: the third story shall be shorter a fourth part then the second: The Architraue, Féese and Cornice accordingly: but being together deuided in thrée parts, one shalbe for the Architraue, the second, for the Fréese and Mutiles or Mogdilions, and the third, for the Cornice: You shall find the particular measures hereof after the Composita: the windowes shall also be as broad as the lowest, but the Niches shall be a fourth part lesse: the rest you shall lightly •nd.

ALthough in the Thuscan Order, in the Facie 13. I haue shewed the like inuention, this, notwithstanding, differeth: for that this Gallery would bee round roofed, and where the Arches are, the crossings would be made as you see in the ground. And for that the Columnes cannot vphold the sides, alwayes giuing out, therefore aboue the Columnes, you shall lay or fasten Iron bindings, in the sides, as you sée it in the platforme, but they will last longer, if they be made of brasse. The proportion of this Facie shall be made thus: The greatest Intercolumnes shall be 4. Columnes thicke, and the least two. The height of the Columnes, with Bases and Capitals, shall hold 7. times their thickenesse. The Epistilium shall bee thrée foure parts of a Columne thicke: aboue the which, there shall be a halfe Circle made, the br•adth thereof shalbe halfe a Columnes thicknesse: vpon the Arch you shall set the Cornice of the height of the Epistilium. Betwéene both the Arches there shall be the maner of a window made, the widenesse whereof shall be like the Intercolumnes vnder it: and the List or edge, as broad as the Arch. That C•t as Trochile, and the Echine aboue the windowes, and part of the Cornices, shall, neuerthelesse, beare out somewhat aboue the windowes, for to beautifie the same. The widenesse of the Doores shall bee two Columnes, and one fourth part. The Pilaster or Antipagmentum, shall bee a sixt part of the light: the height of the light shall reach to the Supercilie, iust vnder the Capitall of the Columne: which forme of Capitals shall follow aboue the doores and windowes. The light of the windowes shall bee in breadth two Columnes in thicknesse: but these thicknesses aforesayd, in these cases, are to be vnderstood as the Columnes fall out. The length of the light shall be a foure square and a halfe: The Niches shall also be of the same height. The Roofe aboue, or the second Stage, as you will terme it, shall bee lesse or shorter a fourth part, deuided in this sort: The Podium or part brest high, of one Columne and a halfe in thicknesse. The rest shalbe deuided in fiue; one of them shall be Architraue, Fréese and Cornice. The Niches with the Ornaments shall stand in Perpendicular aboue the windowes, betwéene the Arches, but shalbe in bredth fiue parts: two parts shall be the Columnes, the rest the Niches with the Pilasters. The Cornice aboue the Niches shall be the bredth of one of these Columnes: and the Bases, the halfe bredth thereof. The windowes betwéene the Niches, shall in the light contayne one fourth part lesse then the doore, and of double height: but of the rest of the Ornaments (for that this worke is somewhat mixed) you shall find further satisfaction in the Ionica and Corinthia. The Trigliphes in this comp•tion, betwixt the one and the other, will not make their Methopes right foure square, because I haue set thrée Trigliphes aboue each window, and as many ouer euery of the Niches, as you may sée in the figure: wherein, if there be any thing wanting in the measure, or else what, I alwayes referre my selfe to the rule set downe in the beginning.

FOr that sometimes, some men will haue altogether Arches and Galleries, and for that it is confused worke, to place Arches vpon round Columnes, yet a man may make fouresquare Pillars vnder them with Bases and Capitals, like the other. And although this house is whole, which is but little for a man that hath a great liuing, yet you may set it foorth in 5. Arches, also in 7. Arches. The Deuision whereof may be, that each Intercolumne may be of the thicknesse of foure Columnes. The height of the Columnes with Bases and Capitals of sixe parts: and aboue them the Arches to be set of the bredth before, of halfe a Columne: the opennesse shall bee of double proportion. Aboue the Arches you must place the Architraue, Fréese, and Cornice: the height of them all shalbe of 2. Columnes thicknesse: and being deuided in 3. parts and a halfe, one part shalbe the Architraue, halfe a part for the Frése, and one part for the Cornice: for the other part, you shall follow the rule aforesayd. The doore shalbe two Columnes outward: the Pilaster, the sixt part of the light: but the Cornices of the doore, and the windowes, shall haue the height of the Capitals. The windowes shalbe a Columne and a halfe bearing out: and their length or height, shall be taken in Diagonall maner. The corner Columnes shalbe as broad as the other: but they shalbe of 8. parts and a halfe high. The second story aboue this, shalbe a fourth part lesse: the corner Columnes, with Architraue, Fréese and Cornice, lessened accordingly: The windowes aboue the Arches, with the Pilasters, stalbe as wide as those below: but the height of the 2. fouresquares, and the Fréese aboue them, shall bee as broad as the Supercilium: the Cornice also as much: The small windowes abone them, are made for two purposes: The first, the Romes being high, as they shew outwardly, will make the chambers and other roomes much lighter. Secondly, for necessity a man map make hanging chambers in them, and then those lights will serue to good purpose. The third story shalbe lesse then the second a fourth part: and the same being deuided in 5. parts, one part shalbe for the Architraue, Fréese and Cornice: and that part deuided in 3. one part shalbe for the Architraue and Fréese, and the third for the Cornice: and in the Fréese, the Mutiles and Mogdilions shalbe deuided, as you sée them. The lights of the windowes shalbe as the others, but they shall bee a twelfth part higher, because they are further from the sight: the Pilasters, Fréese and Cornice, shalbe like the other. The Frontispice and Arches shall be made, as I haue sayd, in the doores and gates of the Order of the Dorica: for beautifying, or to place another row of Arches in it, you may set Acroteries or Pilasters vpon them, which will passe well in the making of their fire places, or chimneyes for anoyding of smoke. The spaces betwéene the windowes, that remayne white, are left to bee paynted, as the workeman will, or at the pleasure of the owner of the house. But for more security of this building, it shalbe necessary to place these Iron bands in it, or at least, ouer the •allary, as is taught before.

IN the famous Towne of Venice, because houses stand néere together, they are forced to make their lights as they may, to that then Building differeth much from that Building of Italy: notwithstanding, the workeman may giue them light mough, obseruing Antiquities, which shall be thus mads and deuided: You shall deuide the widenesse of an Arch in 2. parts and an halfe: whereof one shall be for the bredth of the whole Pillar: the thickenesse whereof shalbe the halfe, the round Columnes also as much: the height of the Arch shalbe of one 4. square, and two 3. parts: you may also make them of two 4. squares, heightning the rest accordingly. The Impost or Capitall vnder the Arch, shall haue the halfe thickenesse of the Columne, according to that which is shewed before, of the Theater of Marcellus. The Doore shall be of thrée Columnes thicke in widenesse, the height of a fouresquare and two 3. parts: the Pilaster or Anti•ag ment•m shalbe of the 8. part of the light: the Corona shalbe like the Capitall: but the Scima being set vpon it, you shall make the Fastigium as is before sayd, and aboue it giue more or lesse light, as the house requireth. If the building stand in a fleld or an open place, you make shops, which shall well fall out with the building: aboue the Columnes, the Epistili•m must be set of halfe a Columne thickenesse: the bredth of the Trigliphes also as much: the height shall be made more or lesse, at the workemans will, that the spaces may be 4. square; whereupon you must set the Cornice of a 6. part higher then the Epistilium: the particular parts and measures, you shall make according to the rule before set downe. The story aboue shall be a 4. part lesse making a Plinthus vnder the Columne, of such a height, as the Proiceture of the Cornice beareth: the rest must be deuided in 5. parts, one part shall be the Archtraue, Fréese, and Cornice, (which as before is taught) shall also bee deuided in thrée parts. The Columnes which vphold the Architraue, shall bee nine parts high, the lesser Columnes which vphold the Arch, are thinner then the rest a third part: the spaces in the middle, vnder the Arches shall bee twice so, wide as the sides: so then, the Cornices being placed vpon the Columnes which beace the Arch, and the halfe Cirde made vp to the Architraue, also, the eyes or h•les besides the Arch, then it will bee excéeding light and where there wanteth a Chamber, you may shu• the mid•lemost lights, and the shes shall serue for windowes. Neuer thelesse, this order being obserued both without and within, it will not stand much amisse; for the place shut vp, shall be for a Fire place or Chimney, which ought alwayes to bee made betwéene two windowes, like to a mans face, where the windowes are the eyes, and the Chimney the nose, which alwayes orawes the smoke.

TO deuide this present Facie, sayth the Author (for otherwise he maketh no preface) you shall deuide the bredth in 14. parts, and one of these parts shall be for a Columne: the middlemost inter-Columne shall be of 6. parts, and the other each of 3. parts: the windowes shall be of a Columne and an halfe: the height of them, two 4. seuares and an halfe. The Pilasters shall be of the sixt part of this light: the windowes in the first story are of the same bredth: the nethermost, shall be a perfect 4. square, and the other of a 4. square and an halfe. The port or Gate shalbe 5. Columnes wide, that the Columnes may haue a fast foundation: the height of this Gate is a 4. square, and of two 3. parts: the Arch-stones, and the rest, you shall see sufliciently in the Figure: from below vnder the Arch, vntill you be aboue the Facie, shall he 2. Colummes thicke. And although that all other stories or buildings, being one story aboue another, would alwayes bee shortened a fourth part: yet in this case, (by my aduice) for that the compartition of the Columnes, being aboue this rusticke worke, and that the rough worke should not take too much place when it is of sufficient strength, it is requisite that it should bee of the same height. Aboue the first order, as you shall make a Podium of a Columne & an halfe high, whereon you must set the Columnes in order (as it is taught) the height without the Podium shall be deuided in 5. parts, whereof 4. shall bee for the Columnes, the other for their ornaments, whereof the Trigliphes shalbe deuided, as you sée, obseruing the rule aforsayd. The middlemost shalbe dealt thus, that the small Columues shall be the halfe of the greater, and the middlemost inter-Columne shalbe as broad againe as those that stand on the sides, which shall be like eyes of the windowes. Aboue the windowes, to make more light, you shall make the eyes, and aboue the smallest spaces in the middle, you shal make that you sée héere in the Figure, for to accompany the same eyes. And although there rest particular parts, you shall alwayes seeke them forward, where you shall be assured to find them. The third order or story and that which belongeth thereunto, shall also be made lesse a 4. part; but the windowes as broad as the lowest, as also their heights, and all other things, you may easily find with the Compasse. The raysing vp in the middle without the Frontispicium, shall bee halfe the third order in height: for the rest, a workeman may adde and diminish at his pleasure.

BEfore, I hane shewed in two figures, how to make the Facies or forefronts of Houses after the Venetians maner: but for that in such works men would willingly haue some places bearing out, which are, for the most part, made ouer the water, for fresh ayre of the water, whereon the most part of buildings haue their fayrest forefronts or Facies; as also, to sée the tryumphes oftentimes made there in Boates and Ships: to which purpose, the sayd bearings or iuttyings out serue well, and yet neuerthelesse, are vnséemely things, and haue no other supporters but the Mogdilions: Now, such things as haue not their foundation strongly layd and made, hurt the walles of the house or building, whereof ancient workemen were very carefull, and made no such bearing out, but onely Cornices: therefore I say, if a man will make any such things in any building with good aduice, it is necessary that the first wall should bee so thicke, that it may stand so farre out as the flat of the bearing out requireth, as may bee perceyued in the round: and for that the middlamost wall standeth out more then the sides, if you will not make it so thicks, then you may make a strong Arch within, to vphold the middlemost, although it be hollow and of small weyght. This bearing out, is to bee vnderstood aboue the Facies of the rusticall worke: which being made, then the compartement of the Facies shall bee aboue this, so that the middlemost part shall be of thrée portions, and the sides of thrée and an halfe, I meane within the walles, as the ground sheweth. The height of this second order or story, shall be like the vndermost, according to the rules aforesayd: and first, you shall make the Podium of an indifferent height, to leane vpon: then that which resteth shall be deuided in fiue parts, one of those shall bee the Epistilium, with the rest of his parts. The widenesse of the middle most part, must be thus: the opennesse with the Arch must be as great agains as the sides, and the height doubled; so the Architraues being set vpon the Columnes, for the vpholding of the Arch, all the Wind•s shall bee vpon a rome: likewise also, for more commoditie of light and ornament, the eyes of the Wind• shall bee made. These ornaments, together with many other things, if a man, in regard of cost, will not make them of Marble, or of other stones, they may be set foorth with painting. The third order or story shall also bee a •th partlesse then the second: and so euery other part thereof accordingly, following the rule aforesayd: and although the Ionica be set before the Dorica, which ancient worknen some time haue done, you shall find the proportio• • roof • in his place.

ALthough the workeman hath séene so many inuentions in this Dorica worke, yet they will not further him for ornaments of Chimneyes: but I will set two sorts thereof here in Figure, one indifferent whole, & in the thickenesse of the wall, for a small round Chamber or House: the other, for a greater place without the wall, drawne with Mogdilions: for if a small Chamber should be cumbred with a Chimney, it is requisite to make it wholy within the thicknesse of the wall, and the height of the opening being made, according to the situation of the place, shall be deuided into foure parts and an halfe, and shall be the bredth of the Pilaster, but the Architraue shall containe the halfe: the Tenia or List, going round about, shall bee a seuenth part, and all his other Lists of the same bredth: the Trigliphes and Mogdilions, shall be halfe the bredth of the Architraue, but their height you shall take in this manner, that the Mutiles stand aboue the Pilasters, and the Trigliphes deuided betwéene both, the Methopes may haue their fouresquare of the bredth of the Architraue, but yet the Methopes or spaces betwixt the Mogdilions, shall not bee fouresquare. The Capitals of the Mutiles and Trigliphes, shall bee so high as halfe the bredth of the Trigliphes. The Corona, with the Scimatie and Scima, shall bee so high as the Architraue; and being deuides in two parts, one part shall be for the Corona; of the other you must make thrée parts, one for the Cimatie with the List, the other shall be for the Scima with his List. The bearing out of the Corona shall be so great or little, that the spaces betwéene the Capitals of the Trigliphes in the ground of the Corona, may be fouresquare, for that, if men will sit round about it, they may haue their place of sight. The Prdiecture of the Scima with the Cimatie, shalbe made like that height which standeth aboue, at the discretion of the workeman. But if the Chimney be very small for a little roome or Chamber, then a man shall make the Pilaster of the seuenth part of the height of the opening.

THis other Chimney without the wall, shall be made thus, when the height and widenesse of the place, according to the situation, is appoynted, the same height, from the ground vp to the Architraue, shall be deuided in 4. parts, one part for the Architcaue, Freese, & Cornice, their parts being made according to the rule aforesayd: and whereas they shew greater, that is, because men sée them vnderneath, the bredth of the Modiglions shall be the 7. part of their height: the Capitals the halfe of that bredth, and shalbe deuided as it is said of the Doricall Capitals: some lessen the bredths of these Modiglions vnderneath the fourth part, that the foote of them may giue out a fourth part, so that the Plinthus vnder the foote, is as broad as the vppermost part. But if you will make such Modiglions all of one bredth, I would commend it in a great worke, for that the vndermost drawing to the wall, & going from our sight, lessen themselues: for that the part which receaueth the smoke, is Piramides-wise, which wil not stand well in a great height. You may set it vpon the first Cornice higher or lower, as you will, or according to the situation of the place. This building of Chimneyes may be made in great forme: but if you will make them small, then you shall deuide the height from the Pauement to the Architraue in 5. parts, whereof one shall be for the Cornice: the bredth of the Modiglions shall be the ninth part of that height, the Capitall of halfe the bredth: and thus it will bee more seemely in amndifferent meane forme. This I speake by experience, for that I haue obserued this greatest measure in small formes in making of Chimneyes, but they prooue too great.

The end of the Dorica order: and here followeth the Ionica.